AFAIK there are also problems that Chinese companies have their own tool chain, and are releasing high level truly open source solutions for AI. One interesting thing about the Chinese “AI Tigers” is the lack of Tech Bro evangelism. They see their models as tools. Not black box magic oracles, not human replacements. And they structure/productize them and such. But with AI you can use whatever tool is best value, and switch to the competition whenever you want. Big Tech is making this really hard, though. For one thing, there’s a lot of paranoia about using Chinese LLM weights. Which is totally bogus, but also understandably hard to explain. And OpenAI and such are working overtime to lock customers in. See: iOS being ChatGPT-only; no “pick your own API.” Or Disney using Sora when they should really be rolling their own finetune.