1. Persian Empire (550–330 BCE) 2. Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) 3. Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 CE) 4. Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) 5. Ottoman Empire (1299-1922 CE) https://archaeologymag.com/2022/07/5-of-the-largest-empires-in-ancient-history/