2026-08-04 10:56 UTC
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Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and The New York Times have documented and verified that Israel used white phosphorus munitions in densely populated areas of Gaza and Lebanon during conflicts starting in October 2023 and continuing through 2024 and 2026. These reports indicate that Israeli forces deployed airburst artillery shells containing white phosphorus over residential neighborhoods, agricultural lands, and urban centers such as Gaza City, Yohmor, Nabatieh, and Al-Duhayra, resulting in civilian injuries, fires, and environmental damage.
While white phosphorus is not explicitly banned under international law when used for legitimate military purposes like creating smoke screens, human rights organizations argue that its use in populated areas violates international humanitarian law due to its indiscriminate nature and severe harm to civilians. Israel has denied allegations of unlawful use, stating that any deployment was for defensive smokescreens and did not target civilians, though experts note that visual evidence of distinctive smoke plumes and burn patterns supports the claims of incendiary use in civilian zones.
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