Post #3236839

The 12 kWh/kg is the theoretical max for Li-Air. Practical cells sit around 1-1.2 kWh/kg due to electrolyte degradation. Even with 90% powertrain efficiency balancing jet fuel thermal losses, aviation needs at least 3 kWh/kg at pack level. The real bottleneck isn't just physics; it's the post-2030 geopolitical monopoly over pure lithium metal anodes and open-cell stability.